Лекц №2

Scanf ôóíêö

· Ïðîãðàìì çîõèîõ våä õýðýãëýã÷ýýñ òºðºë ávðèéí ºãºãäºë

óíøèõ çàéëøãvé øààðäëàãà ãàðäàã. Ñè õýëýíä vvíèéã scanf

ávõíýýñ øèéäíý.

· ªãºãäºë óíøèõäàà èõýíõ våä printf , scanf õî¸ð ôóíêöûã õîñëóóëàí àæèëóóëäàã. Ýõëýýä printf–ýýð õýðýãëýã÷ýýñ óíøèõ óòãûí òóõàé áóþó àñóóëòàà õýâëýýä äàðàà íü scanf–ýýð óòãàà óíøäàã.

Áè÷èãäýõ õýëáýð

Scanf (Óäèðäëàãûí òýìäýãòvvä ìºð , [ õóâüñàã÷ ];

Áóþó

int scanf (“Óäèðäëàãûí òýìäýãò ìºð”, õóâüñàã÷ 1,... õóâüñàã÷ n );

Æèøýý íü : scanf (“%d”, & age);

Scanf (“%s”, name);

Scanf-‘í ävðýì

Scanf –ûí óäèðäëàãûí òýìäýãò ìºðèéã ÿìàð áàéäëààð áè÷ñýí ÿã ò¿¿íòýé àäèëààð õýðýãëýã÷ ãàðààñ ºãºãäºë îðóóëàõ ¸ñòîé.Õýðýãëýã÷ýýñ int , float , double , long ãýõ ìýò ýíãèéí òºðëèéí óòãûã óíøèõäàà & òýìäýãòèéã õóâüñàã÷ûí íýðèéí ºìíº çààâàë àøèãëàíà.Õàðèí õýðýãëýã÷ýýñ òýìäýãò ìºð áóþó òýìäýãò ìàññèâ óíøèõûã õ¿ñâýë & òýìäýãòèéã àøèãëàõã¿é.Òýìäýãò ìºð íü ººðºº õàÿã þì.( óäèðäëàãûí

Æèøýý 1

Int i, j , k;

Scanf (“%d %d %d”, &i ,&j, &k);

ýíý våä ãàðààñ îðóóëàõàä 5.10.15

Int year, month, day;

scanf (“%d %d %d”,&month,&day,&year);

ãàðààñ îðóóëàõäàà 0|07|02

Æèøýý 2

int I; char c; float f; long I;

char name [20];

scanf(“%d”,&i);

scanf(“%c”,&c);

scanf(“%f”,&f);

scanf(“%ld”,&l);

scanf(“%s”,name);

Æèøýý 3

scanf–ã àøèãëàõûí ºìíº çààâàë àñóóëò õýâëýíý.

Char name[20];

Printf (“òà íýðýý îðóóëíà óó? \n”); /*àñóóõ*/

Scanf (“%s”,name);

Getchar ôóíêöûí ôîðìàò

Ýíý íü ãàðààñ íýã øèðõýã òýìäýãò óíøèíà.

Õóâüñàã÷ getchar ( ); Ýíý íü inter òîâ÷ àâäàã.

Æèøýý 4

Printf (“ Íýã òýìäýãò îðóóëíà óó ? ”);

Ch=getchar ( );

Putchar ôóíêöûí ôîðìàò

Putchar-ààð àâñàí òýìäýãòèéã õýâëýäýã.

Putchar (Õóâüñàã÷ );

Æèøýý 5

Printf (“òà ýíý òýìäýãòèéã îðóóëæýý”);

Purchar ( ch );

Getch ôóíêö

Ýíý íü ãàðààñ çºâõºí íýã òýìäýãò óíøèíà. Òýãýõäýý getch íü îðóóëàõ ºãºãäëèéã áóôåðëýäýãã¿é.ªºðººð õýëáýë getchar øèã ºãºãä뺺 öóãëóóëàí enter òîâ÷ûã õvëýýäýããvé. Èéìýýñ áóðóó îðóóëñàí ºãºãä뺺 backspace òîâ÷îîð çàëðóóëíà.

Getch–‘í ôîðìàò

Õóâüñàã÷=getch ( ) ;

Æèøýý 6

Printf (“òà íýã òýìäýãò îðóóëàíà óó?”);

Ch= getch ( );

Putch-“í ôîðìàò

Putch (õóâüñàã÷);

Æèøýý 7

Printf (“òà ýíý òýìäýãòèéã îðóóëæýý:”);

Putch (ch);

Getche ôóíêö

Ãàðààñ íýã òýìäýã óíøèõ ôóíêö þì. Getch íü îðîëòûí òýìäýãòèéã äýëãýöýíä ä¿ðñýëäýããvé. Óã òýìäýãò íü ãàðààñ íýã òýìäýãò óíøèí , ò¿¿íèéã ìºí äýëãýöýíä ä¿ðñýëäýã ôóíêö þì. Ýíý íü getch , putch-‘í vvðãèéã äàâõàð ãvéöýòãýíý.

Ñè ïðîãðàììûí ávòýö

Ñè ïðîãðàììûí ávòöèéã àãóóëãààð íü äàðààõ 5 íü õýñýãò õóâààíà.

I. Õîëáîëòûí õýñýã

II. Òîãòìîëûã çàðëàõ õýñýã

III. Õóâüñàã÷ûã çàðëàõ õýñýã

IV. Ôóíêöûã çàðëàõ õýñýã

V. Víäñýí ôóíêö õýñýã

Õîëáîëòûí õýñýã

Ïðîãðàìä ñòàíäàðò ôóíêö õîëáîõ øààðäëàãà òóëãàðäàã áà õîëáîëòûã # include òvëõvvð vãèéí òóñëàìæòàé ãvéöýòãýíý.

Áè÷èãäýõ õýëáýð íü:

# include < ôàéëûí íýð>

# include “ ôàéëûí íýð ” 2 ÿíçààð áè÷èæ áîëíî.

Ôàéëûí íýð íü òóõàéí ôóíêöûã àãóóëàõ .h ºðãºëòýé ôàéëûí íýð áàéíà.

Ýäãýýð ôàéëóóä c:\ tc \ include ñàíä áàéðëàíà.

Ôàéëóóäûí æèøýý

Stdio.h- víäñýí îðîëò ãàðàëòûí ôóíêö¿¿ä ýíý ôàéëä òîäîðõîéëîãäîíî.

• Printf äýëãýöýíä ºãºãäºë õýâëýíý.
• Scanf ãàðààñ óòãà óíøèõ

Stdlib.h- òºðºë ávðèéí õºðâvvëýëòèéí ôóíêö ïðoãðàììûí óäèðäëàãà øèëævvëýõ ôóíêöóóä áàéíà.

Atoi–òýìäýãò ìºðèéã òîî áîëãîõ.

Itoa–òîîã òýìäýãò ìºð áîëãîõ .

Òîãòìîëóóäûã çàðëàõ õýñýã

Ýíý õýñýãò òîãòìîë õýìæèãäýõvvíèé íýð, àâàõ óòãûã çàðëàíà.

Const float pi=3.14

# define max 100

Õóâüñàã÷ûã çàðëàõ õýñýã

Ïðîãðàììä õýðýãëýãäýõ ãëîáàëü õóâüñàã÷äûã ýíä çàðëàíà.

Áè÷èãäýõ õýëáýð íü :

<õóâüñàã÷ûí òºðºë > < õóâüñàã÷ûííýð >;

Æèøýý

Int i, j ;

Char c;

Ãëîáàëü õóâüñàã÷

Ãëîáàëü õóâüñàã÷ ãýäýã íü ïðîãðàììûí àëü ÷ õýñýãò õàðàãäàõ óòãûã íü ººð÷èëæ áîëîõ õóâüñàã÷ þì.Ãëîáàëü õóâüñàã÷èéã äàðààõ 2 øèíæ ÷àíàðààð ÿëãàíà.

1) Ïðîãðàìûí àëü ÷ ôóíêö, ïðîöåäóð äîòðîîñ ò¿¿íèé óòãûã ººð÷èëæ áîëäîã.

2) Òvvíèé àìüäðàõ õóãàöàà íü ïðîãðàììûã äóóñàí äóóñòàë vðãýëæèëíý.

Ôóíêöûã çàðëàõ õýñýã

Ýíä õýðýãëýã÷èéí òîäîðõîéëñîí ôóíêö ïðîöåäóðóóäûã(äýä ïðîãðàì ) áàéðëóóëíà. Ýíý äýä ïðîãðàìì ººðèéí ãýñýí íýðòýé áà víäñýí ïðîãðàììûí õààíààñ íü ÷ íýðýýð äóóäàæ õýðýãëýæ áîëíî.

Ôóíêöûí íýð ( ïàðàìåòóóä )

{< õóâüñàã÷äûã çàðëàõ õýñýã > ëîêàëü õóâüñàã÷

< õóâüñàã÷ûí ôóíêöûí áèå >

}

Ëîêàëü õóâñàã÷

Ǻâõºí òóõàéí ôóíêö äîòðîî õýðýãëýãäýíý. Àìüäðàõ õóãàöàà íü ôóíêöûí àæèëàõ õóãàöàà þì.